Physical and cognitive changes

What be some examples of the physical and cognitive changes pot go through when they enter late adulthood? To avoid whatsoever confusion and to more clearly represent my personal opinions, perspectives and points of view, I specify it necessary to divulge my age. I turned 55 on declination 25, 2012. I must say that hitting 55 was a kind challenge for me. ARP considers the age of 55 to be Senior Citizen Status. May restaurants yield discounts to their patrons who are 55 twelvemonths of age or older. Our text sites galore(postnominal) theories on maturation and I gather in read them all.Since no one(a) grapples exactly why we age and die, there is no correct set to the agedness theory. I subscribe to the Damage Theories and specifically the Wear-and-Tear Theory. In quoting our text it suggests that Damage Theories relate to internal, microscopic damage to the organism and is responsible for remnant. We know that with use, machinery like cars and dishwashers break cut ba ck. There is no definitive research linking death to wearing out, but it is one of the just about common explanations pack start about death. This view is called the wear-and-tear theory. Of course, the luggage compart handst is not a machine.Weight/body body-build Total body weight increase until the mid-ass then begins to decline. Weight tone fetch uping n later age is not due too sliming of the consistence but a exit of muscle mass and bone. Voice referable to changes in the larynx, respiratory governance and muscle control of the vocal cords, the flip of our voice lowers two or three notes on a carapace and whitethorn begin to quaver due to loss of control every(prenominal)place the vocal cords. there is similarly a decrease in flock The effects of age in internal system Bones mug up in your body loss potentiality as you age, due to loss of calcium and other minerals, resulting greater vulnerability to fracture. Smoking, using alcohol, diet, and having a sedentary life all contribute to greater one loss little fractures Joints There are age losses in virtually every structural component of the Joint the cartilage. Arthritis is a disease category that characteristically carry ons the Joints, resulting in swelling, pain, and stiffness. Heat and cold compresses. Musculature Between 40-70 muscle strength drops between 10-20% between 70-80 the drop is 30-40% Muscle mass is replaced with connective interweave that makes the muscle stiffer and heals slower after injury.Reaction time The time between input signal onset and our response decreases with age. Reaching peak in our teens and early 20. cardiovascular serious limitations of the nerves ability to ticker dividing line through the circulatory system adequately for all the cells. The reduction in the ability of the heart to pump is due to ? changes that affect the structure and performance of the heart muscle rampart ? the cardiac muscle sours less responsive to the ne ural stimulation of the artificial pacemaker cells that initiate contraction ? the effects of aging and poor health habits on the arteries of the heart reduce flow as well. ? Under normal conditions During aerobic exercises or other strenuous activity ? Poor health habits steady exercises Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the united States. Defined as any problem associated with the heart or blood circulation. The likelihood of dying of some form of cardiovascular disease increases dramatically as we age. Included in cardiovascular disease are high blood pressure (high blood pressure) Generally any systolic over 140 mm Hug and diastolic over 90 mm Hug. ? congestive heart failure stroke (cerebral vascular disease) and peripheral vascular disease of which the most common is atherosclerosis. Heart disease Arteriosclerosis referring to the narrowing of the arteries Arteriosclerosis Referring to a loss of cracking and hardening which restricts blood fl ow to the rest of the body including the heart itself. This process begins in childhood and is inevitable. The extent of the buildup and the ultimate impact on functioning is a product of our health behaviors. detent coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in later life. While men are more effected by computer-aided design than women women are still susceptible to the disease. Hormonal systems ? Most notable changes are in sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen and in the production of insulin) the capacity of the pancreas to bulge down insulin reduces Diabetes mellitus Menopause reduction in the production of estrogen and progesterone Symptoms of change of life include hot flashes, vaginal and urinary tract changes, and some fancy signifi fuelt swings in mood or feelingings of strong emotionality. ? Link to osteoporosis and CAD Immune system A reduction in the effectiveness of T cells, which destroy antigens (foreign substances like viruses that enter th e body) as we age. Stress female genitals also influence this Whereas social support has been found to increase the effectiveness of the resistive system. Neural systems We are born with nearly all the neurons we will have in our lifetime and over time they die. This loss does not besotted there is an associated reduction in cognitive or other functions a we will see. Senile plaques. ? Neurotically tangles Neurotically tangles Changes in neurotransmitters Supplies of all neurotransmitters decreases with age. dopamine -controlling motor movement and other functions may become depleted uh to the aging of the substantial Nigeria. Morphogenesis associated with learning and memory. However, the decline in neurotransmitters that occur with normal aging do not result in dramatic changes in functioning or behavior. When a neuron dies other healthy neurons will cave in new connections to compensate for the loss. This repair system is aided by cognitive stimulation, exercise, and he alth habits.Pulmonary The are usually measurable declines in the efficiency of the pneumonic system the musculature system that controls breathing (diaphragm, chest cage stiffness) degrades in addition there may be loss of lung tissue and elasticity of the lungs. Health habits Stamina Digestion/excretion The digestive system acts more slowly The social context of eating Healthy eating Seniors who are dismay tend to eat irregularly and less than non-depressed structural changes to the kidneys that result in impaired efficiency adulthood. Incontinence effects 19% of women and 8% of men over 60 * Did you expect the age in which you currently are, would be different than it is? L, to this day have the sagaciousness of a 25 year old. I believe, process, enjoy life and live through he look of someone much younger than myself but when it comes to the physical aspect of my existent age, I suffer greatly from chronic pain and feel as if Im about 80 years of age chronologically. My m uscular-skeletal system has degenerated at a much more significant rate than my socio-emotional mind has.I fear that my mind may one day return way to age as a result of inundating it with constant pain. Eventually the brain will no longer endure and I will yet again work through the Wear And Tear theory and the brain will break down and I will suffer the consequences aforementioned and death will be inevitable. Where would you like to see yourself ten years from now in price of your family life, career, and education? Ah, the imagination The imagination gives us the ability to see ourselves in any circumstance, any wild and wonderful scenario, either in the innovation or out of it.It can take us on the time to come trip of all time, spinning our reality around until it is only mistily recognizable. Look at how easily children create new realities to enjoy with their lissom imaginations. Cardboard boxes can become snow forts, and a comfy conduce can instantly become an ancient regal throne. The bathtub an become a formidable pirates ship, all decked out for navigating the perils and adventures of the high seas. Children can consider themselves anywhere, doing anything. And that is what I try to do. It is important to dream, to envisage a possible future.As the poet, Longboats Hughes said, Dreams ca-ca fast to dreams For if dreams die life story is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly. For when dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow. So, that is what we are going to do. I am going to encourage you to dream, to imagine. Stretch your imagination ten years forward. Imagine yourself really happy. See ourselves enjoying life, smiling. The rules that turn in now, may not apply in the 10- years-from-now-world. Any sort of upheaval may or may not take place between now and then. So, I feel free to let my imagination run rampant about my future.Now, excrete some time examining what your gaiety looks like. What are the components to it? What ingred ients are in the primer? What contributes to that happiness? Then, slowly come back to the present. Now, think about what it mightiness take to shit you from here to there. Ten years is a passably long stretch into the future. Ten years ago, Google was in its infancy. Many things we didnt remember were possible then, are in fact possible today. So yet if what you are left with as the way to happiness seems silly, or improbable, give some time over to thinking what you can do to get there.The future changes, transmogrifies (my new favorite word), and shimmers into all kinds of unexpected places. But, if you start put steps in place now, as the world shifts, your steps can shift as well. When faced with a life decision, think of yourself as happy, and ask How will this decision help me get there? I am not suggesting that happiness of self is the be all and end all. But we can do more for others if we are happy in the now, as opposed to miserable, or unsatisfied or stressed bey ond manageability.I am also not suggesting that a dream will constantly come true, or even that it should. But I do think that dreamers are happier. And I think that wishing for one kind of happiness can end us up at another kind, by chance even a better one. When I think of my own happiness, I am thinner, more physically fit, more engaged in an energetic community of people, more financially secure and helping more people purposefully. My own list surprised me. And there are things I can do now that I know will help me get there.